SAE J254 Instrumentation and Techniques for Exhaust Gas Emissions Measurement
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Product Code:SAE J254
Title:Instrumentation and Techniques for Exhaust Gas Emissions Measurement
Issuing Committee:Sae Ic Powertrain Steering Committee
Scope:This SAE Recommended Practice establishes uniform laboratory techniques for the continuous and bag-sample measurement of various constituents in the exhaust gas of the gasoline engines installed in passenger cars and light-duty trucks. The report concentrates on the measurement of the following components in exhaust gas: hydrocarbons (HC), carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), oxygen (O2), and nitrogen oxides (NOx). NOx is the sum of nitric oxide (NO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2). A complete procedure for testing vehicles may be found in SAE J1094.
MIL-B-28685 (NOTICE 1), MILITARY SPECIFICATION: BAGHOUSE , REVERSE PULSE JET; FOR PACKAGED BOILERS FIRED ON COAL OR A COMBINATION OF COAL AND GAS, COAL AND OIL, OR COAL-GAS-OIL (2,000,000 TO 125,000,000 BTU/HR THERMAL OUTPUT CAPACITY) (09 AUG 1990) [S/S by OO-B-2929]., Military Specification MIL-B-28685, dated 9 August 1990, is hereby canceled. Future acquisition of this material should refer to Federal Specification OO-B-2925.【英文标准名称】:StandardPracticeforX-RayRadiographyofSoilSamples
【原文标准名称】:土壤样品的X射线照相术的标准实施规程
【标准号】:ASTMD4452-2006
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:
【发布日期】:2006
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:D18.07
【标准类型】:(TestMethod)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:建筑;施工材料;工艺;辐射摄影术;土壤;试样;X射线分析
【英文主题词】:X-rays;sampledisturbance;samples;soilinvestigations;undisturbedsamples
【摘要】:1.1ThispracticecoversthedeterminationofthequalityofsoilsamplesinthinwalltubesorofextrudedcoresbyX-rayradiography.1.2ThispracticeenablestheusertodeterminetheeffectsofsamplingandnaturalvariationswithinsamplesasidentifiedbytheextentoftherelativepenetrationofX-raysthroughsoilsamples.1.3ThispracticecanbeusedtoX-raycores(orobservetheirfeaturesonafluoroscope)inthinwalltubesorlinersrangingfromapproximately2to6in.(51to152mm)indiameter.X-raysofsamplesinthelargerdiametertubesprovidearadiographofmajorfeaturesofsoilsanddisturbances,suchaslargescalebendingofedgesofvarvedclays,shearplanes,thepresenceoflargeconcretions,siltandsandseamsthickerthan1/4in.(6.4mm),largelumpsoforganicmatter,andvoidsorothertypesofintrusions.X-raysofthesmallerdiametercoresprovidehigherresolutionofsoilfeaturesanddisturbances,suchassmallconcretions(1/8in.(3.2mm)diameterorlarger),solutionchannels,slightbendingofedgesofvarvedclays,thinsiltorsandseams,narrowsolutionchannels,plantrootstructures,andorganicmatter.TheX-rayingofsamplesinthinwalltubesorlinersrequiresminimalpreparation1.4GreaterdetailandresolutionofvariousfeaturesofthesoilcanbeobtainedbyX-rayingofextrudedcores,ascomparedtosamplesinmetaltubes.ThemethodusedforX-rayingcoresisthesameasthatfortubesandliners,exceptthatextrudedcoreshavetobehandledwithextremecareandhavetobeplacedinsampleholders(similartoFig.2)beforeX-raying.Thispracticeshouldbeusedonlywhennaturalmoistureorotherundisturbedsoilcharacteristicsareirrelevanttotheenduseofthesample.1.4.1Oftenitisnecessarytoobtaingreaterresolutionoffeaturestodeterminetheproprietyofsamplingmethods,therepresentativenatureofsoilsamples,oranomaliesinsoils.ThispracticerequiresthateitherduplicatesamplesbeobtainedoralreadytestedspecimensbeX-rayed.1.5ThispracticecanonlybeusedtotheirfullestextentafterconsiderableexperienceisobtainedthroughmanydetailedcomparisonsbetweentheX-rayfilmandthesampleX-rayed.1.6Thevaluesstatedininch-poundunitsaretoberegardedasthestandard.TheSIvaluesgiveninparenthesesareprovidedforinformationpurposesonly.1.7Thispracticeoffersasetofinstructionsforperformingoneormorespecificoperations.Thisdocumentcannotreplaceeducationorexperienceandshouldbeusedinconjunctionwithprofessionaljudgment.Notallaspectsofthispracticemaybeapplicableinallcircumstances.ThisASTMstandardisnotintendedtorepresentorreplacethestandardofcarebywhichtheadequacyofagivenprofessionalservicemustbejudged,norshouldthisdocumentbeappliedwithoutconsiderationofaprojectsmanyuniqueaspects.Theword"Standard"inthetitleofthisdocumentmeansonlythatthedocumenthasbeenapprovedthroughtheASTMconsensusprocess.Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyconcerns,ifany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoestablishappropriatesafetyandhealthpracticesanddeterminetheapplicabilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.Forspecificprecautionstatements,seeSection6.
【中国标准分类号】:P13
【国际标准分类号】:93_020
【页数】:14P.;A4
【正文语种】:
